Top Mathematics discussions
NishMath - #math
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@Trebor
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Trebor
Recent discussions in theoretical computer science and programming have touched upon diverse topics, ranging from type theory for SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) to the complexities encountered in programming. One thread explored the characteristics a type theory for SDG should possess, suggesting it should include a judgmentally commutative ring, possibly a Q-algebra, where neutral forms of type R are polynomials with other neutral forms as indeterminates. Participants believe such a system would have decidable typechecking.
A common sentiment shared among programmers, particularly those using languages with dependent types like Rust, is the initial hurdle of satisfying the compiler's requirements. Some have described the experience as an engaging puzzle that can involve spending considerable time to prove the validity of their code. The discussion also addressed the subjective nature of "complexity" in programming, suggesting it is a term often used to dismiss unfamiliar concepts rather than a concrete measure of inherent difficulty. In related news, Microsoft’s Krysta Svore has announced geometric error-correcting codes as a potential advancement toward practical quantum computing. These codes utilize high-dimensional geometry to enhance performance, potentially leading to more efficient encoding and logical operations with fewer qubits. The approach builds on topological error correction, employing a mathematical method called Hermite normal form to reshape the grid, resulting in substantial reductions in qubit count and faster logical clock speeds. This geometric reshaping results in substantial reductions in qubit count. In one notable case, they achieved six logical qubits using just 96 physical qubits, which is a 16-to-1 ratio that would mark a significant improvement over standard two-dimensional codes. Recommended read:
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@martinescardo.github.io
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ellipticnews.wordpress.com
The mathematics community is buzzing with activity, including upcoming online events and ongoing discussions about research methodologies. A significant event to watch for is the online celebration marking the 40th anniversary of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) on August 11, 2025. This event will commemorate the foundational work of Victor Miller and Neal Koblitz in 1985. It is anticipated to be a very important event for those in the cryptography community and to those who work with elliptic curves.
The ECC celebration will feature personal reflections from Miller and Koblitz, alongside lectures by Dan Boneh and Kristin Lauter, who will explore ECC's broad impact on cryptography and its unforeseen applications. The history of ECC is used as a good example of how fundamental research can lead to unexpected and practical outcomes. This serves as a good way to promote blue skies research. In other news, mathematicians are actively discussing the use of formal methods in their research. One Mathstodon user described using LaTeX and Agda in TypeTopology for writing papers and formalizing mathematical remarks. They found that formalizing remarks in a paper could reveal errors in thinking and improve results, even in meta-mathematical methodology. This shows how computational tools are increasingly being used to verify and explore mathematical ideas, highlighting the practical utility of pure math skills in applied contexts. Recommended read:
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@phys.org
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bigthink.com
, phys.org
Recent research is challenging previous assumptions about the composition and structure of the smallest galaxies. Traditionally believed to be dominated by dark matter due to the expulsion of normal matter through stellar winds and radiation during star formation, new evidence suggests that supermassive black holes may play a more significant role than previously thought. A recent study indicates that Segue 1, known as the most dark matter-dominated galaxy, might harbor a supermassive black hole at its center, potentially altering our understanding of galactic dynamics in low-mass systems. This proposition offers an alternative explanation for the observed gravitational effects, suggesting that these central black holes could be anchoring these tiny galaxies.
The realm of statistical analysis is also undergoing significant advancements. Mathematician Tyron Lardy has pioneered a novel approach to hypothesis testing, utilizing e-values instead of the conventional p-values. E-values, representing 'expected value', provide greater flexibility, particularly during mid-study analysis when adjustments to data collection or analysis plans are necessary. Unlike p-values, which require conclusions to be drawn only after all data is gathered to maintain statistical validity, e-values remain statistically sound even with modifications to the research process. This advancement holds promise for fields like medicine and psychology, where complex situations often demand adaptable data handling techniques. The development of e-values is based on the concept of betting, where the e-value signifies the potential earnings from such bets, offering quantifiable evidence against the initial assumption. This approach allows researchers to assess whether an assumption still holds true. While the general method for calculating optimal e-values can be intricate, its flexibility and robustness in handling data adjustments offer a valuable tool for scientific research, enhancing the reliability and adaptability of hypothesis testing in various disciplines. Recommended read:
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MAA@maa.org
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maa.org
The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) has announced the recipients of the 2025 awards for expository mathematical writing in MAA publications. The awards recognize outstanding contributions to mathematical literature. Jordan S. Ellenberg was awarded the Chauvenet Prize for his work "Geometry, Inference, Complexity, and Democracy," which appeared in the Bulletin (New Series) of the American Mathematical Society. Ellenberg's work explores the challenge of fairly dividing democratic polities into legislative districts, demonstrating the practical application of mathematics to societal issues. Ismar Volíc of Wellesley College, received the Euler Book Prize for his book "Making Democracy Count: How Mathematics Improves Voting, Electoral Maps, and Representation," which brings complex topics, such as voting theory, apportionment, gerrymandering, and the Electoral College, to life.
Awarded individuals are reciving either the Chauvenet Prize, the Euler Book Prize, the Daniel Solow Author’s Award, the George Pólya Awards, the Paul R. Halmos–Lester R. Ford Awards, the Trevor Evans Award, or the Carl B. Allendoerfer Awards. Ellenberg's article, drawn from his 2020 Current Events Bulletin lecture, showcases how mathematical approaches can measure fairness in democratic processes. Volíc's book makes complex topics accessible to readers, highlighting the crucial role of mathematics in collective decision-making, and providing essential insights without political bias. Both works exemplify clear and engaging writing, effectively communicating intricate mathematical ideas to a wider audience. As summer approaches, Denise Gaskins is offering discounts on her math game books at the Playful Math Store. This presents an opportunity for families and educators to enhance mathematical learning through playful activities. Gaskins' "Math You Can Play" series offers math games sorted by topics traditionally taught at various age levels, with teaching tips and advice aimed at parents and teachers. Her new series, "Tabletop Math Games Collection," also covers the same mathematical topics. These books are designed for direct use by players of all ages, making them ideal for spontaneous math play. These books are available in both physical and digital formats, providing flexibility for use in math centers, homeschool co-op classes, or at home. Recommended read:
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