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NishMath - #astronomy
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@aasnova.org
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JWST is currently being used to study exoplanets, particularly sub-Neptunes, providing valuable data on their atmospheric composition. A recent study utilized JWST spectroscopy to analyze the atmosphere of the sub-Neptune GJ 3090b. This planet orbits a late-type, low-mass star and its radius places it at the outer edge of the radius valley. Sub-Neptunes are the most common type of planet in the Milky Way, however their formation and composition are not well understood, making these studies especially important.
The JWST's observations of GJ 3090b revealed a low-amplitude helium signature, suggesting a metal-enriched atmosphere. The presence of heavy molecules like water, carbon dioxide, and sulfur further contributes to the understanding of the planet's atmospheric properties. These atmospheric observations help clarify how hydrogen and helium may be escaping the planet’s atmosphere, with the presence of metals slowing down mass loss and weakening the helium signature. While JWST is making significant contributions to exoplanet research, it won't find the very first stars. Other telescopes will be needed to make those observations. JWST however contains some of the latest discoveries, including the new cosmic record-holder for the most distant galaxy, MoM-z14.
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@NASA
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NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has peered into the early Universe, observing galaxies from just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. With its unique infrared sensitivity, JWST allows researchers to examine these ancient galaxies and uncover secrets from the Universe's formative years. The telescope's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) played a key role in these observations.
An international team of astronomers has identified bright hydrogen emission from a galaxy, JADES-GS-z13-1, at an unexpectedly early time. This distant galaxy, observed just 330 million years after the Big Bang, has a redshift (z) of 13, indicating its age and distance. This discovery challenges existing understanding of how light could have pierced the thick fog of neutral hydrogen that filled space at that time.
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Siôn Geschwindt@The Next Web
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The ESA's Euclid mission has released its first data, offering a glimpse into the deep fields of space and marking a significant step in the study of dark matter and dark energy. The data covers 63 square degrees of the sky and includes a classification survey of over 380,000 galaxies and 500 gravitational lens candidates. The Euclid space observatory, dubbed the "dark matter hunter", aims to create the largest 3D map of the sky ever created.
This initial data release includes numerous galaxy clusters, active galactic nuclei, and transient phenomena. The mission's unique observational capabilities are expected to contribute to a better determination of the expansion rate of the Universe through gravitational-wave observations. Researchers plan to correlate events from LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA with Euclid galaxy catalogues. Euclid's discovery of numerous gravitational lens systems could also be crucial for detecting the first gravitational waves split into multiple images by gravitational lenses, according to Miguel Zumalacárregui, group leader in the Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity department.
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